Nature abounds at Fort Monroe. Whether you prefer paddling the Chesapeake Bay, bird watching at Grand View Nature Preserve or casting a line aboard the Ocean Eagle, our natural resources offer big adventures.
Fort Monroe is also a part of The Virginia Bird and Wildlife Trail (VBWT), an organized network of outdoor sites highlighting the best places to see birds and wildlife in the Commonwealth. Walk a nature trail, paddle a river, or enjoy a scenic overlook to experience Virginia’s wealth of natural diversity, ranging from brown pelicans and bottlenose dolphins along our Atlantic Coast to bald eagles and black bear in the Appalachian Mountains.
With 400 species of birds, 150 species of mammals, 150 species of amphibians and reptiles, 250 species of fish, plus hundreds of butterfly, dragonfly, and other invertebrate species, you’ll soon see why Virginia is a premier destination for birding and wildlife viewing. Fort Monroe is one of 14 sites on the Lower Peninsula Loop, making it a great stop for birding and wildlife watching.
Bird Watching at Fort Monroe
Fort Monroe is a premier destination for bird watchers, offering an incredible variety of species, habitats, and seasonal highlights. With 89 bird species documented in and around Fort Monroe, it’s a place where both novice and experienced birders can enjoy the sights and sounds of nature.
Birding During Every Season
Each season at Fort Monroe brings unique birding opportunities. Here’s what you can expect:
Spring brings the excitement of Virginia’s largest seabird breeding colony at Fort Wool. Terns, black skimmers, and brown pelicans are frequently seen foraging along the coast, while ospreys nest and fish near the Seawall and Mill Creek, making it a vibrant time for bird watching.
Summer brings Seabird activity to its peak with royal terns, laughing gulls, and black skimmers prominent along the coastline and near Fort Wool. The state-threatened gull-billed tern can also be observed during this time, especially around the Seawall and Rock Jetty. Shorebirds are active along the beaches, while swallows and other small birds are often spotted near the Wildlife Observation Platform.
Fall migration transforms Fort Monroe into a busy stopover for songbirds and shorebirds, including eastern meadowlarks and killdeer. It’s also an exciting time to spot coastal birds like brown pelicans and the occasional rare or vagrant species passing through.
Top Birding Locations at Fort Monroe
Explore these diverse habitats to maximize your birding experience:
- The Seawall: A birder’s paradise, this walkway offers close views of seabirds like royal terns, laughing gulls, and osprey. In winter, spot northern gannets and waterfowl from this scenic spot.
- The Moat: Encircling the historic fort, the moat is perfect for observing egrets, wading birds, and even jellyfish. It’s accessible from several bridges and paths.
- Rock Jetty at Outlook Beach: Look for shorebirds and seabirds foraging among the rocks, especially in winter. The beachfront views add to the charm.
- Wildlife Observation Platform: Overlooking Mill Creek, this spot offers glimpses of osprey, swallows, and brown pelicans. It’s also a peaceful retreat for nature lovers.
- Parade Ground: The mature live oaks provide habitat for songbirds and Cooper’s hawks, while the surrounding area is a good place to spot red foxes and other wildlife.
Tips for Bird Watching at Fort Monroe
Make the most of your birding adventure with these simple tips:
- Visit Early: Early mornings are the best time to see active birds, especially during migration seasons.
- Bring the Essentials: Pack binoculars, a bird guide, and comfortable walking shoes to explore the area.
- Respect the Wildlife: Observe from a distance to avoid disturbing the birds and their habitats.
Fort Monroe’s Coastal Beauty
Fort Monroe’s landscapes are as rich and diverse as its history. The area is home to a wide variety of plant species that thrive in its unique coastal environment. Over 380 plant species have been documented here, ranging from resilient dune vegetation to lush marsh plants and majestic trees.
Coastal and Wetland Vegetation
Fort Monroe’s coastal areas are defined by hardy plants like Spartina patens, which thrive in sandy, nutrient-poor soils. These plants are vital in stabilizing the dunes and protecting the shoreline. In the wetlands around Mill Creek, you’ll find a mix of aquatic and marsh vegetation, creating a serene environment filled with vibrant greenery.
Historic Live Oaks
The Parade Ground at Fort Monroe features many mature live oak trees, including the famous Algernourne Oak, estimated to be over 500 years old. These ancient trees provide shade and beauty while adding a sense of timelessness to the fort’s landscape.
Plan Your Visit Today!
Fort Monroe is perfect for nature lovers. Walk a trail. Paddle the bay. Watch the birds. Relax and soak in the beauty around you. To learn more about Fort Monroe as an excellent destination for wildlife observation click here.
